The Jains relied on the oral teachings of Mahavira (called Shrut
Parampara – the tradition of listening) for centuries before the religious
teachers realized the necessity of writing down the scriptures. After
683 years of liberation of Mahavira, Acharya Dharsena called upon
two monks to Chandragiri caves in Girnar, taught them a part of the
scriptures, and asked them to write it down, which took the shape of
Shatkhandagam – the first ever written Jain scripture of the Digambar
tradition. As the invention of pen and paper came very late in
civilization, the two monks – Bhutbali and Pushpadanta – painstakingly
wrote on the palm leaves with thorn nibs. The completion of the writing
is recorded to Jyeshtha Shukla Panchami which fell on June 11, 2024.
Prof. Nalini Balbir in her paper Is a Manuscript an Object or a Living
Being? mentions the importance of the scriptures to the Jain
community who do not just read them but also keep them in their
homes and temples with thorough respect avoiding any kind of
profanation. Hence, the day is celebrated as Shrut Panchami and the
Jains worship the manuscripts on this day.
Since the scriptures were written in Prakrit, the Prakrit scholars
decided to commemorate this day as ‘Prakrit Day’ at the National
Shaurseni Prakrit Conference in October 1994 in Delhi. It shows the
profound impact of Prakrit – the ancient language of Jain canons – in
the Jain scholarly community.
The International School for Jain Studies ‘ISJS’ has called for
applications for its fifth 9-month-long Bhagwan Mahavira Prakrit
Fellowship program to learn Prakrit grammar and strives to keep the
essence of the scriptures alive. The ISJS Conclave last month also
demonstrated the huge success of the intensive Prakrit course.
There’s more! The 19th ISJS Summer School is going to begin on June
17 and for the next five weeks, the ISJS team will be expeditious and
filled with enthusiasm in imparting the knowledge of the Jain
scriptures.